Typewriter, typewriter calculating machine, and the like



R. ANSCHUTZ Dec. 27, 1938.

TYPEWRITER, T-YPEWRITER CALCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 2,1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec; 27, 1938. 'R ANS HUTZ 2,141,158

TYPEWRI'I'ER. TYPEWRITER CALCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 2,1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 5- fin er 186% Dec. 27, 1938. R AN 1 2,141,158

TYPEWRITER, TYPE-WRITER CALCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 2,1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 By; WM 7&4;

Dec. 27, 1938. R U Z 2,141,158

TYPEWRITER, TYPEWRITER CALCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 2,1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 grwem tcw,

Patented Dec. 27, U938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE TYPEWRITER,TYPEWRITER CAI JCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE.

many

Application August 2, 1934, Serial No. 738,129

' In Germany August 16, 1933 14 Claims.

The invention relates to a typewriter, typewriting-calculating machine,calculating machine or the like, having a spring urged carriagecontrolle by an escapement.

5 As known, typewriting-calculating machines in most cases are providedwith very long paper carriages in order to comply with book-keepingrequirements. Although these long paper carriages in themselves are ofgreat deadweight, this is increased in a substantial manner by thetotalizers attached to them.

Now in'order that the carriage draw-spring has the necessary energy inthe left-hand position of the carriage for the advance of the same, it

must be heavily tensioned initially, whereby the difference in thetractive force of the spring occasioned by the long carriage pathworksout still more unfavourably.

Accordingly, a great and non-uniform pressure 30 acts'throughout on theloose dog of the escapement' mechanism. Since this is released throughthe striking type lever, so the great and nonuniform force of thedraw-spring works out unfavourably on the force of the impact of thetype 55 lever, i. e. the type impression appears sometimes to be strongand sometimes weak and consequently the type print acquires a verynonuniform disturbed appearance;

This drawback is noticeable especially in ma- 0 chines wherein the typelever is thrown by power drive against the platen and in the last partor its striking movement, it is moved against the platen only by theforce imparted to it by means of the power drive. However, in the lastpart of the striking movement of the type lever, it

draws the loose dog out of the escapement wheel bearing thereon withhigh friction, diifering in dependence upon the various positions of thecarriage whereby the striking movement of the 0 type lever is greatlyimpeded.

Thi disadvantage is now overcome, according to the invention, byproviding a special mechanically actuated carriage-advance mechanism,preferably actuated by a power drive, which 5 mechanism is controllablein dependence upon the keys controlling the escapement.

This device is also very important for typewriting-calculating machineswherein the carriage advance mechanism is controllable by separatenumber typing keys and number calculating keys, in dependence upon thenumber calculating keys. The said device ensures that during themovement of the carriage the next totalizer moves very quickly intooperative position relative to a the main driving wheel so that evenwhen quick- 1y depressing several calculating keys in succession thetransferwheel of the new totalizer is already in engagement with themain driving wheel before the latter begins to rotate. This is veryimportant for avoiding disturbances. 5

In the drawings one form of construction of theinvention is illustratedby way of example.

Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of a typewriting calculating machine inwhich the invention is incorporated.

Fig. 2'shows a plan of an arrangement according to Fig. 1, in which theupper part of the typewriting-calculating machine is imagined to beremoved and only. a part of the cam elements is illustrated, in orderthat the arrangement exposes in a better manner the details of theinvention.

Fig. 3 shows aperspective illustration of the. invention viewed from theleft-hand front of the machine, in which the carriage rack is indicatedin interrupted lines.

Fig. 4 shows a part of the'carriage rack in elevation.

Fig. 5 shows a section according to the line A-A of Fig. 4. V 2

Fig.6 shows in perspective illustration different parts drawn asunderfrom one another, of

the mechanism illustrated in Figure 3.

Fig. 7 shows a perspective illustration of the escapement mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a timing diagram of the operation of the mechanisms of themachine.

To the centre bridge la (Figs. 1 and 2) of the supporting frame I isfixed a supporting bridge 3 (see also Fig. 3) by means of lugs 3a andscrews 4, (Figs. 1 and 2). To increase the bearing positions, twosupporting angles 3b are fixed to the bridge 3; In the supports 3 and31), there is a shaft 5 arranged, on which a bridge 8 (Fig. 3) ispivotably mounted and'through discs I (Figure 40 .2) as well as collars8 is held against lateral displacement by means of screws 9. In bosses6b of the two arms 6a of the bridge 6, a shaft I0 is fixed by means ofscrews II. On the shaft [0 there ismounted a number of rollers 12 anddistance tubes 13 corresponding to the number of calculating key levers10a. In order to prevent sagging or warping of the shaft II), the sameis guided in a third boss 6c (Figs. 2 and 3) of an arm 6d of the bridge6. Two shouldered pins ll are riveted into two further arms lie of thebridge 6. 0n the rock shaft l5 for the case shift keys of the papercarriage, two further" supporting members I1 and I8 are carried and areheld against dislacement, by four collars [9, provided with screws 24.Lugs Ila and "a of the supporting members i1 and I4 respectively arefixed by means of screws 2| (Figs. 1 and 2) to the centre bridge Ia ofthe supporting frame I. In the downwardly directedleg ilb of thesupporting member H as well as the similarly directed leg l8b of thesupporting member It, a shaft 22 is mounted. This'shaft carries levers22 and 24, which are pinned to it by means of pins 25, which passthrough the bosses 22a and 24a of these levers. In the elongated holes2317 and 24b of the levers 23'and 24 respectively, the pins i4 of thearms is of the bridge 4 engage, and so connect the bridge 4 with thelevers 23 and 24 and the shaft 22. A torsion spring 24, is arranged onthe shaft 22 and on the one hand is connected to the downwardly directedleg ilb of the supporting member I! and on the other hand engages in ahole 21a of a collar 21 screwed fast on the shaft 22 by means of thescrew 24. The torsion spring 24 acts upon the shaft 22 in the directionof the arrow "a" so that by way of the parts 22, I4 and 24, the bridge4e, lail-4a, e, is rocked in the opposite direction of the arrow a,whereby its rest position is defined by contact of the rollers l2 withthe cams Ola to be later described. On the shaft 22, further, there is alever'2l fixed by means of a pin ll, which passes through its boss 220..A retaining spring ii is screwed to the lever 22 by means of a screw 32which spring is laid against a shouldered pin 33 riveted into the lever2|. By means of this shouldered pin 22 the rod 24 is articulatelyjointed by means of its lug 34a to the lever 28, whereby the spring 2iprevents the lug 2411 from automatically falling off from the pin 32.The rod 34 is connected to a second rod 26 by means of headed rivets 35which engage through slots 340 of the rod 24, so that the rods 24 and"are mutually displaceabie. Through two springs 21 which are connected tothe lugs 24d and 36b of the rods 24 and 34, the two rods act as a singlerod. The object of the two springs 21 is explained hereinafter ingreater detail in the description of the manner of operation of themechanism. The rod 24 is articulately Jointed by means of a headed pin28 to an angle lever 39 and is secured from falling on by the engagementhousing by means of two screws 42. An insertion and shift member 44(Figs. 3 and 6) is rotatably mounted on a headed screw 45, which isfixed in a horizontal angled lug llb of the angle lever ll, by means ofa washer 44a and a nut 45b (Fig. 6). A spring "which is connected on theone hand to a spring pin 41 of the insertion member 44 and-on the otherhand to a spring pin 42 of the bent lug 29b of the angle lever 24, holdsthe insertion member in the rest podtion through striking of the nose44c (Figs. 2, 3 and 6) of the insertion member 44 on the nose 42b of theangle 42a. On the insertion member 44 a shift nose 4! is pivotablymounted by means of a headed rivet ll. Arranged in a milled recess 44d(mg. 6) of the insertion member 44 is a torsional spring Ii (Figs. 2, 3,and 6), which engages with one end" in a hole 44e (Fig. 8) of theinsertion member44 and with the other and engages in a hole 400 (Fig. 6)of the shift nose 4!, and which holds the shift nose in the restposition by its stop face 40b pressing on the face 44b (Figs. sand 6) ofthe insertion member 44. The angle 42a, already mentioned, serves asstop and guide for the insertion member 44, and is screwed to thesupporting angle 42 by means of screws 54. The shift nose 4! is capableof moving into engagement with the locking teeth 56 (Figs. 4 and 5)milled in the known carriage rack 55 (Figs 2, 3 and 4) of the carriage,whereby the carriage is positively shifted on operation of thecalculating keys 51 by means of the cams 60a.

The manner of operation of the mechanism is as follows:-

By a motor, which is not illustrated, a shaft I 5'! (Figs. 2 and 3) isrotated by way of a wheel 54 constantly in the arrow direction al (Fig.3). Since the mechanisms hereinafter described are referred to in detailin the U. S. patent application Ser. No. 406,475, these at this pointshall only be mentioned briefly.

Now, if a calculating key 51 is struck, so the coupling pawl 89a,displaceably mounted on the cam 64 is released and under the action ofits spring 59c, (Figs. 1 and 3) is displaced in the arrow direction 11,whereby the nose "b of the coupling pawl 59a, enters into the toothspace lying opposite to it of the locking wheel 8i associated with thispawl and fixed on the shaft 59. Consequently, the cam 84 which actuatesa diflerential member Z (Fig. l) participates in the rotation of theshaft 8! in the arrow direction al.

Hereby first at 40 degrees (Fig. 8) follows the unlocking of themechanisms while at the next degrees, that is to say, from 40 todegrees, the differential member Z is drawn down by a tension spring 62(Fig. 1) associated with it, and the key lever 63 is actuated by theprojection 64 (Fig. 1) of the differential member Z. The key leverbrings by way of a lever 45, a draw-lever 46 into driving connectionwith the cam shaft N, whereby the type lever 41 is caused at the nextdegrees, that is to say, from 120 to 2'10 degrees (Fig. 8) to strike byway of the intermediate lever 48 (Fig. 1). .The type lever 41 therebyactuates through its projection "a the dog rocker 120 (Fig. 7) carryingthe loose dog 12a and the fixed dog 1211, by way of the parts 49,

II, II and 12, whereby the escapement wheel 12dand pinion 55A engagingthe rack II are released at the next 35 degrees, that is to say, from255 to 290 degrees (Fig. 8). Consequently, the paper carriage W underthe pull of the usual carriage draw spring (not shown) arranged in ahousing cat the rear wall of the machine frame, is moved through onestep to the, left through the intermediary of the part "B attached tothe side wall Ww of the papercarriage W. Since, however, the springpull, especialiy with long carriages, is too sluggish, and inconsequence of'the great diiierence in the tension of the springresulting from the long carriage travel is too non-uniform, according tothe invention, the carriage is positively moved forwards in thefollowing manner.

The cam Ila (Figs. 1 to 3) which is rigidly connected with the cam 44,likewise participates in the rotation of the shaft 42 in the arrowdirection al, whereby the projection b (Figs. 1 and 3) of the cam 4,acts at the next 110 degrees, that is to say, from to 290 degrees (Fig.

8) on its associated roller i2 of the bridge 4e,

in the mamas,

shaft 22, are connected through the slots 23b and 24b by way of the pinsl4 with the arms 6e (Figs. 1 to 3) of the bridge, the levers 23 and 24,together with the shaft 22, are moved in the arrow direction b andsimultaneously the lever 29 likewise fixed on the shaft 22 in the arrowdirection 11 (Figures 1 and 3). The rod 34 engaging with the pin 33 ofthe lever 29 and held by the spring 3| is now drawn down and by means ofthe springs 31 takes the rod 36 along with it in the arrow direction e(Figs. land 3). Accordingly, the angle lever 39 is swung in the arrowdirection 9, whereby the insertion member 44 and the shift nose 49 whichtogether are rotatably mounted on the horizontal bent lug 39b of theangle lever 39, are simultaneously moved in the arrow direction g (Fig.3). Since in this movement the inclined face 44a of the part 44 slidesoff from the nose 42b of the angle 42a, a

movement of the parts 44 and 49 occurs in the arrow direction h (Figs. 2and 3). Therefore in the corresponding co-operation of the movements 1in the arrow direction g and h (Fig. 3) the shift tooth 49 first isengaged with one of the teeth 56 of the rack 55 and simultaneouslyshifted forward, so that the carriage is carried along with it in thecarriage step direction. By means of the torsion spring 26 on the shaft22, which on the one hand is connected to the hole 210. of the collar 21fixed on the shaft 22 and on the other hand is connected to thedownwardly directed leg lBb of the support I8, all the parts of themechanism are brought back into their rest position as soon as theprojection 50!; of the cam 60a has released the associated roller I2.at290 degrees (Fig. 8). In order now to avoid in this return thepossibility of shocks or sticking of the shift nose 49 in the teeth ofthe rack 55, the shift nose ,49 is'arranged to be rotatable in theclockwise direction, to the insertion member 44. A

torsion spring 5|, one end of which engages with the insertion member44, while the other end engages with the nose 49, presses the latterwith its stop face 491) against the. face 44b of the, insertion member44, but permits, however,

through rotation in the clockwise direction a ratcheting over the teeth56 of the carriage rack 55 under the influence. of the spring 5|. Thetwo rods 34 and 36 connected together by the springs 31 and acting as asingle rod, have the followingpurpose.

The extent of the carriage step, as known, is determined by the dogtooth 12a,'which engages in the shift wheel 12d. Since, now, the shiftnose 49 engaging in the carriage rack 55 displaces the carriage to theleft and consequently the tooth for the time being of the escapementwheel 12d bears hard on the loose'dog 12a, so the form of the cams 60amust be shaped with the utmost accuracy in order to correspondaccurately to the stroke limited by the loose dog 12a. since otherwiseconsiderable Jamming could occur. By the arrangement of the springs 31,however, no particular attention requires to be paid to the form of thecams 60a whereby the assembly of the mechanism may be simply and cheaplyperformed and'the greatest reliability in the operation of the same isensured.

,The mechanism according to the invention can also be applied tohand-driven typewritingcalculating machines. In this case the keys mayact directly on the yoke 6e, 6a--l06a, 66, which on its part forfacilitating the depression of the key can act on the carriageescapement mechanism by means of a suitable lever transmission.

Obviously the mechanism may find application in power and hand-driventypewriters or calculating machines and the like.

The usual carriage draw spring in consequence erably decreased so thatthe life of these parts is substantially increased.

I claim:-

1. In typewriters, typewriter calculating machines and the like, acarriage, a carriage escapement mechanism including a loose dog forlimiting the movement of the carriage in letter spacing direction, keysfor controlling the operation of said escapement mechanism, a drivingshaft, means between said driving shaft and said carriage to uniformlymove said carriage in letter spacing direction on operation of saidkeys, said means being adapted to hold said carriage against retrogrademovement in the moment of limitation of its letter spacing movement bysaid dog, and spring means normally urging said carriage against saiddog for holding said carriage in position after its release by the firstmentioned means.

2. In typewriters, typewriter calculating machines and the like, acarriage, a carriage escapement mechanism including a loose dog forlimiting the movement of the carriage in letter spacing direction, keys,a driving .shaft and a printing mechanism controlled by said drivingshaft on operation of said keys to control the operation of saidcarriage escapement mechanism. means be tween said driving shaft andsaid carriage including a pawl to 'uniformly'move said carriage inletter spacing direction on operation of said keys,

said pawl being adapted to hold said carriage against retrogrademovement in the moment of limitation of its letter spacing movement bysaid dog, and spring means normally urging said carriage against saiddog for hclding said carriage in position after its release by saidpawl.

3. In typewriters, typewriter calculating machines and the like, acarriage, a carriage escapementmechanism including aloose dog forlimiting the movement of the carriage in letter spacing direction, aprinting mechanism, keys, a controlling mechanism, a driving shaft foroperating said controlling mechanism on operation of sa d keys, meansbetween said controlling mechanism and said printing mechanism to?controlling the operation of the same, and means between said drivingshaft and said carriage including a pawl to uniformly move said carriagein letter spacing direction on operation of said keys, said pawl beingadapted to hold said carriage against retrograde movement in the momentof limitation of its letter spacing movement by said dog, and springmeans urging said carriage against said dog for holding said carriageinposition after its release by said pawl.

4. In typewriters, typewriter calculating machines and the like, acarriage, a carriage escapement mechanism including a loose dog forlimiting the movement of the carriage in letter spacing direction, keysfor controlling the operation of said escapement mechanism, a drivingshaft and means between said driving shaft and said carriage touniformly move said carriage in letter spacing direction on operation ofsaid keys. said means being adapted to hold said carriage againstretrograde movement in the moment of limitation of its letter spacingmovement by said dog, and spring means normally urging said carriageagainst said dog for holding said carriage in position after its releaseby said means, and means on said driving shaft for automaticallyengaging and disengaging the first mentioned means with said carriage.

5. In typewriters, typewriter calculating machines and the like, acarriage, a carriage escapement mechanism including a loose dog forlimiting the movement of the carriage in letter spacing direction, keys,a driving shaft, a plurality of operating cams coupled with said drivingshaft on operation of said keys, and a printing mechanism controlled bysaid operating cams to control the operation of said carriage escapementmechanism, means between said driving shaft and said carriage includinga pawl to uniformly move said. carriage in letter spacing direction onoperation of said keys, said pawl being adapted to hold said carriageagainst retrograde movement in the moment of limitation of its letterspacing movement by said dog, and spring means normally urging saidcarriage against said dog for holding said carriage in position afterits release by said pawl, and a member common to the several operatingcams controlled by said keys for operating said pawl.

6. In typewriters, typewriter calculating machines and the like, acarriage, a carriage escapement mechanism including a loose dog forlimiting the movement of the carriage in letter spacing direction, keysfor controlling the operation of said escapement mechanism, a drivingshaft and shifting means between said driving shaft and said carriageincluding a rack on said carriage and a pawl cooperating with said rack,said pawl being adapted to engage said rack and to uniformly move saidcarriage in letter spacing direction on operation of said keys and holdsaid carriage against retrograde movement in the moment of limitation ofits letter spacing movement by said dog, and spring means normallyurging said carriage against said dog for holding the carriage inposition after release of said rack by said pawl.

7. In typewriters, typewriter calculating machines and the like, acarriage, a carriage escapement mechanism including a loose dog forlimiting 'the movement of the carriage in letter spacing direction, keysfor controlling the operation of said escapement mechanism, a drivingshaft and shifting means between the shaft and said carriage including arack on said carriage, and a pawl cooperating with said rack, said pawlbeing adapted to engage-said rack and to uniformly move said carriage inletter spacing direction on operation of said keys and hold saidcarriage against retrograde movement in the moment of limitation of itsletter spacing movement by said dog, and spring means normally urgingsaid carriage against said dog for holding the carriage in positionafter release of said rack by said pawl, and means normally holding saidpawl out of engagement with said rack.

8-. Arr arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that thefirst mentioned means includes a member adapted to yield when the extentof movement of the first mentioned means by said driving shaft exceedsthe extent of carriage movement, limited by said dog.

9. An arrangement as claimed in claim 2,

characterized in that a yielding means is arranged between said pawl andsaid driving shaft to admit the latter to rotate when the movement ofsaid pawl is limited by said dog.

10. An arrangement as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that ayielding means is arranged between said pawl and said driving shaft toadmit the latter to rotate when the movement of said pawl is limited by.said dog.

11. An arrangement as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that aplurality of cams are mounted on said drive shaft for operating thefirst mentioned means, one cam being associated with each key.

12. An arrangement as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that aplurality of cams are mounted on said drive shaft for operating thefirst mentioned means, one cam being associated with each key, said'cams being loosely mounted, and means for coupling said cams with saiddrive shaft.

13. An arrangement as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that aplurality of cams are mounted on said drive shaft, a member common tosaid cams, one cam being provided for each key, and means foroperatively coupling said sams with said drive shaft in dependence onthe operation of said keys to cause said member to operate saidconnecting means.

14. In typewriters, typewriter calculating machines and the like, acarriage, a carriage escapement mechanism including a member forlimiting the movement of the carriage in letter spacing direction, keysfor controlling the operation of said escapement mechanism, a drivingshaft, means between said driving shaft and said carriage to uniformlymove the latter in letter spacing direction on the operation of saidkeys, said means acting to hold the carriage against movement in themoment 01' limitation of its letter spacing movement by said member, andmeans normally urging the carriage against said member. nomm'rANscHti'rz.

